|
Robert Charles Benchley (September 15, 1889 – November 21, 1945) was an American humorist best known for his work as a newspaper columnist and film actor. From his beginnings at the ''Harvard Lampoon'' while attending Harvard University, through his many years writing essays and articles for ''Vanity Fair'' and ''The New Yorker'', and his acclaimed short films, Benchley's style of humor brought him respect and success during his life, from New York City and his peers at the Algonquin Round Table to contemporaries in the burgeoning film industry. Benchley is best remembered for his contributions to ''The New Yorker'', where his essays, whether topical or absurdist, influenced many modern humorists. He also made a name for himself in Hollywood, when his short film ''How to Sleep'' was a popular success and won Best Short Subject at the 1935 Academy Awards, and through his many memorable appearances in films such as Alfred Hitchcock's ''Foreign Correspondent'' and (in a dramatic turn) ''Nice Girl?'' His legacy includes written work and numerous short film appearances. ==Biography== Although Benchley was known for misleading and fictional autobiographical statements about himself (at one point asserting that he wrote ''A Tale of Two Cities'' before being buried at Westminster Abbey),〔Rosmond, 17.〕 he actually was the great-grandchild of the founder of Benchley, Texas, Henry Wetherby Benchley, who was jailed for his help with the Underground Railroad.〔Yates, 13.〕 Robert Benchley was born on September 15, 1889 in Worcester, Massachusetts, to Charles and Maria Benchley.〔Gaines, 4.〕 Robert's older brother, Edmund, was rushed to the Spanish–American War days after graduation from West Point (1898), and was a casualty almost immediately. The Benchley family were attending a public Fourth of July picnic when a bicycle messenger brought the notification telegram. In unthinking, stunned reaction, Maria Benchley cried out "Why couldn't it have been Robert?!", while the latter, who was nine years old, was standing by her side. Mrs. Benchley apologized profusely and tried hard to atone for the remark. Edmund's death had considerable effects on and unintended consequences for Robert's life, particularly in the form of Edmund's fiancee Lillian Duryea, a wealthy heiress. It is believed that Edmund's death in battle seeded pacifist leanings in Robert Benchley's writings.〔Benchley, 26–30; Gaines, 4.〕 The period, however, was full of strong literary reactions to the Great War, and Benchley was aware of, for instance, the anti-war writings of A.A. Milne. Robert Benchley met Gertrude Darling in high school in Worcester. They became engaged during his senior year at Harvard, and they married in June 1914.〔Benchley, 33–36, 44, 68–69.〕 Their first child, Nathaniel Benchley, was born a year later. A second son, Robert Benchley, Jr., was born in 1919.〔Benchley, 138–139.〕 Nathaniel became a writer himself, and penned a biography of his father in 1955.〔''Robert Benchley: A Biography''〕 He was a well-respected fiction and children's book author.〔HarperCollins.〕 Nathaniel had talented sons as well: Peter Benchley was best known for the book ''Jaws'' (which inspired the film of the same name),〔BBC.〕 and Nat Benchley wrote and performed in an acclaimed one-man production based on Robert's life.〔''Washington Post''.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Robert Benchley」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|